CS 6371: Advanced Programming Languages

Course Information

Title: CS 6371: Advanced Programming Languages
Course Registration Number: 21902
Times: TR 1:00–2:15
Location: CB3 1.308
Instructor: Dr. Kevin Hamlen (hamlen AT utdallas)
Instructor's Office Hours: TR 2:15-3:15 in ECSS 3.704
Teaching Assistant: Farhad Shakerin
TA's Office Hours: W 1:00–3:00

Course Summary

This course will cover functional and logic programming, concepts of programming language design, and formal reasoning about programs and programming languages. The following are the course learning objectives:

1. Functional Programming (ML/OCaml)
2. Logic programming (Prolog)
3. Small-step and large-step operational semantics
4. Denotational semantics
5. Fixpoints, fixpoint induction
6. Axiomatic semantics
7. Type theory
8. Untyped and typed lambda calculi
9. Partial evaluation, non-determinism

Through taking this course, students will learn the tradeoffs of imperative vs. non-imperative programming languages, issues involved in designing a programming language, the role of formal semantics and type-systems in reasoning about programs and languages, and proof techniques related to formal, high-assurance software validation.

The course is open to Ph.D. students and Masters students. Interested undergraduates should see the instructor for permission to take the course.

Prerequisites: Discrete Structures (CS 3305/5333 or equivalent), Algorithm Analysis and Data Structures (CS 3345/5343 or equivalent), Automata Theory (CS 4384/5349 or equivalent). A solid background in all three of these areas will be heavily assumed throughout the course!

To Prepare for the Course...

STUDENTS MUST ATTEND AT LEAST ONE OF THE FIRST THREE CLASSES. IF YOU MISS MORE THAN TWO OF THE FIRST THREE CLASSES (other than for excused absences—see below) THEN YOUR FINAL COURSE GRADE WILL AUTOMATICALLY BE REDUCED BY ONE FULL LETTER GRADE. The first three classes will cover functional programming in the OCaml programming language, which will be the basis for most of the rest of the course. Documented absences approved by university policy are exempted from this attendance requirement. These include illness with an accompanying doctor's note, and observance of religious holy days.

To better understand the in-class OCaml demos, you should do the following as preparation:

• Download OCaml from the OCaml website. Feel free to use any version you find easiest to get running. If you are comfortable with Unix, I recommend using one of the Unix versions. If you prefer Windows, I recommend the Microsoft-based native Win32 pre-compiled OCaml 4 installer available at the GitHub repository.
• Once you've successfully installed OCaml, try creating a simple program and compiling it. OCaml programs are plain text files, just like C/Java programs. Using your favorite text-editor, create a file named "fib.ml" containing the code found in section 1.9 of the online OCaml manual. At the Unix or DOS prompt, type one of the following to compile the program:
  • On Unix, type: ocamlc -o fib fib.ml
  • At the DOS prompt, type: ocamlc -o fib.exe fib.ml
  (Be sure that the ocamlc.exe binary is in your path and that the fib.ml file you created is in your current directory.) If it compiles successfully, type fib 10 to get it to print the 10th Fibonacci number.
• Start experimenting with some of the other examples found on Chapter 1 of the OCaml manual. Most of the examples on that page use OCaml in interactive mode (where you use OCaml sort of like a calculator instead of a compiler). You can either go ahead and use OCaml in interactive mode or incorporate the examples into your .ml file and recompile it to see the results.
• OCaml is an extremely powerful language and has many features that we won't be using in the course. However, in most of the programming assignments you will be free to use any OCaml language features you wish, so the more OCaml you learn, the easier you will find the assignments.

Using OCaml from the UTD Server

If you can't get OCaml to work on your personal machine, you can use OCaml on the UTD CS Department Linux servers. To do so:

• ssh to cs1.utdallas.edu
• at the Unix prompt, type ocaml to enter interactive mode, or type ocamlc to use the compiler
• to exit interactive mode, at the OCaml prompt type: exit 0;;

Using Prolog from the UTD Server

You can install your own local version of SWI Prolog or you can access the version installed on the UTD linux servers as follows:

• ssh to cs1.utdallas.edu
• at the Unix prompt, type pl
• to exit Prolog, type control-C then e

Grading

Homework (25%): Homeworks will be assigned approximately once per 1.5 weeks, and will consist of a mix of programming assignments and written assignments. Programming assignments will be implemented in OCaml, Prolog, or possibly Coq. Written assignments will typically involve discrete math proofs. Homeworks must be turned in at the start of class (i.e., by 1:05pm) on the due date. To help students prepare for the next assignment, homework solutions will typically be revealed on each due date. Therefore, no late homeworks will be accepted.

Quizzes (15%): On indicated assignment due dates (see the course schedule below), students will solve one or two problems individually at the start of class as a quiz. The quiz problems are essentially extra homework problems solved individually in class without the help of the internet or collaboration with other students. The quizzes will be closed-book and closed-notes.

Midterm (25%): There will be an in-class midterm exam in class on Thursday, March 2nd. The exam will cover functional programming, operational semantics, denotational semantics, and fixpoints.

Final (35%): A final exam for the course will be given on Thursday, May 4th at 2:00pm. The exam will be cumulative, covering all material in the course. Students will have 2 hours and 45 minutes to complete it.

Homework Policy

Students may work individually or together with other students presently enrolled in the class to complete the assignments, but they must CITE ALL COLLABORATORS AND ANY OTHER SOURCES OF MATERIAL that they consulted, even if those sources weren't copied word-for-word. Copying or paraphrasing someone else's work without citing it is plagiarism, and may result in severe penalties such as an immediate failing grade for the course and/or expulsion from the computer science program. Therefore, please cite all sources!

Students may NOT consult solution sets from previous semesters of this course, or collaborate with students who have such solutions. These sources are off-limits because such "collaborations" tend to involve simply copying or reverse-engineering someone else's answer to a similar homework problem, which does not prepare you for the quizzes and exams.

Texts

The course has no required textbook, but we will make use of several online references:

• OCaml References:
  • The OCaml Manual by Xavier Leroy
  • Developing Applications With Objective Caml by Emmanuel Chailloux, Pascal Manoury, and Bruno Pagano; published by O'Reilly France and now available for online reading
  • 99 Practice Problems (with solutions) in OCaml
• Coq References:
  • The Coq Homepage
  • Software Foundations, by B.C. Pierce, C. Casinghino, M. Greenberg, C. Hrițcu, V. Sjöberg, and B. Yorgey, University of Pennsylvania, 2015.
• Operational & Denotational Semantics References:
  • The Formal Semantics of Programming Languages: An Introduction by Glynn Winskel (placed on reserve at the UTD library)
  • Denotational Semantics: A Methodology for Language Development by David Schmidt, out of print but available online
• Type Theory References:
  • Types and Programming Languages by Benjamin C. Pierce
• Logic Programming Resources:
  • Logic, Programming and Prolog (2nd ed.) by Ulf Nilsson and Jan Maluszynski
  • SWI Prolog downloads and manuals

Tentative Course Schedule